Search Results for ""

The beautiful arrangement of leaves in some plants, called phyllotaxis, obeys a number of subtle mathematical relationships. For instance, the florets in the head of a ...

A repunit is a number consisting of copies of the single digit 1. The term "repunit" was coined by Beiler (1966), who also gave the first tabulation of known factors. In ...

A square root of x is a number r such that r^2=x. When written in the form x^(1/2) or especially sqrt(x), the square root of x may also be called the radical or surd. The ...

Sylvester's line problem, known as the Sylvester-Gallai theorem in proved form, states that it is not possible to arrange a finite number of points so that a line through ...

Adams' method is a numerical method for solving linear first-order ordinary differential equations of the form (dy)/(dx)=f(x,y). (1) Let h=x_(n+1)-x_n (2) be the step ...

An important and fundamental axiom in set theory sometimes called Zermelo's axiom of choice. It was formulated by Zermelo in 1904 and states that, given any set of mutually ...

First stated in 1924, the Banach-Tarski paradox states that it is possible to decompose a ball into six pieces which can be reassembled by rigid motions to form two balls of ...

A pair of identical plane regions (mirror symmetric about two perpendicular lines through the center) which can be stitched together to form a baseball (or tennis ball). A ...

The polynomials defined by B_(i,n)(t)=(n; i)t^i(1-t)^(n-i), (1) where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. The Bernstein polynomials of degree n form a basis for the power ...

A polygon which has both a circumcircle (which touches each vertex) and an incircle (which is tangent to each side). All triangles are bicentric with R^2-x^2=2Rr, (1) where R ...