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The structure factor S_Gamma of a discrete set Gamma is the Fourier transform of delta-scatterers of equal strengths on all points of Gamma, S_Gamma(k)=intsum_(x in ...

Let f be a function defined on a set A and taking values in a set B. Then f is said to be a surjection (or surjective map) if, for any b in B, there exists an a in A for ...

Surrogate data are artificially generated data which mimic statistical properties of real data. Isospectral surrogates have identical power spectra as real data but with ...

A catastrophe which can occur for three control factors and one behavior axis. The swallowtail catastrophe is the universal unfolding of singularity f(x)=x^5 with codimension ...

The general function y(a,b,c,d)=csin{pi/(b-a)[((b-a)x/d+a)^2-a^2]}.

Taylor's inequality is an estimate result for the value of the remainder term R_n(x) in any n-term finite Taylor series approximation. Indeed, if f is any function which ...

The function defined by T_n(x)=((-1)^(n-1))/(sqrt(n!))Z^((n-1))(x), where Z(x)=1/(sqrt(2pi))e^(-x^2/2) and Z^((k))(x) is the kth derivative of Z(x).

In the theory of special functions, a class of functions is said to be "of the third kind" if it is similar to but distinct from previously defined functions already defined ...

A function which is not an algebraic function. In other words, a function which "transcends," i.e., cannot be expressed in terms of, algebra. Examples of transcendental ...

The engineering terminology for one use of Fourier transforms. By breaking up a wave pulse into its frequency spectrum f_nu=F(nu)e^(2piinut), (1) the entire signal can be ...