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n-dimensional Euclidean space.

A bundle map is a map between bundles along with a compatible map between the base manifolds. Suppose p:X->M and q:Y->N are two bundles, then F:X->Y is a bundle map if there ...

A system for specifying points using coordinates measured in some specified way. The simplest coordinate system consists of coordinate axes oriented perpendicularly to each ...

Given a set of linear equations {a_1x+b_1y+c_1z=d_1; a_2x+b_2y+c_2z=d_2; a_3x+b_3y+c_3z=d_3, (1) consider the determinant D=|a_1 b_1 c_1; a_2 b_2 c_2; a_3 b_3 c_3|. (2) Now ...

In general, a cross is a figure formed by two intersecting line segments. In linear algebra, a cross is defined as a set of n mutually perpendicular pairs of vectors of equal ...

A differential k-form omega of degree p in an exterior algebra ^ V is decomposable if there exist p one-forms alpha_i such that omega=alpha_1 ^ ... ^ alpha_p, (1) where alpha ...

The operator partial^_ is defined on a complex manifold, and is called the 'del bar operator.' The exterior derivative d takes a function and yields a one-form. It decomposes ...

A Fréchet space is a complete and metrizable space, sometimes also with the restriction that the space be locally convex. The topology of a Fréchet space is defined by a ...

Given an m×n matrix A and a p×q matrix B, their Kronecker product C=A tensor B, also called their matrix direct product, is an (mp)×(nq) matrix with elements defined by ...

A projection of a figure by parallel rays. In such a projection, tangencies are preserved. Parallel lines project to parallel lines. The ratio of lengths of parallel segments ...