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An affine transformation is any transformation that preserves collinearity (i.e., all points lying on a line initially still lie on a line after transformation) and ratios of ...

The area moment of inertia is a property of a two-dimensional plane shape which characterizes its deflection under loading. It is also known as the second moment of area or ...

A paradox mentioned in the Greek work Mechanica, dubiously attributed to Aristotle. Consider the above diagram depicting a wheel consisting of two concentric circles of ...

The associated Stirling numbers of the first kind d_2(n,k)=d(n,k) are defined as the number of permutations of a given number n having exactly k permutation cycles, all of ...

Given an n-ball B^n of radius R, find the distribution of the lengths s of the lines determined by two points chosen at random within the ball. The probability distribution ...

What is the probability that a chord drawn at random on a circle of radius r (i.e., circle line picking) has length >=r (or sometimes greater than or equal to the side length ...

There are several related series that are known as the binomial series. The most general is (x+a)^nu=sum_(k=0)^infty(nu; k)x^ka^(nu-k), (1) where (nu; k) is a binomial ...

Define a Bouniakowsky polynomial as an irreducible polynomial f(x) with integer coefficients, degree >1, and GCD(f(1),f(2),...)=1. The Bouniakowsky conjecture states that ...

The dual of Pascal's theorem (Casey 1888, p. 146). It states that, given a hexagon circumscribed on a conic section, the lines joining opposite polygon vertices (polygon ...

Given a chord PQ of a circle, draw any other two chords AB and CD passing through its midpoint. Call the points where AD and BC meet PQ X and Y. Then M is also the midpoint ...