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A nonzero vector v=(v_0,v_1,...,v_(n-1)) in n-dimensional Lorentzian space R^(1,n-1) is said to be positive timelike if it has imaginary (Lorentzian) norm and if its first ...

A number of areas of mathematics have the notion of a "dual" which can be applies to objects of that particular area. Whenever an object A has the property that it is equal ...

A tube of radius r of a set gamma is the set of points at a distance r from gamma. In particular, if gamma(t) is a regular space curve whose curvature does not vanish, then ...

In an additive group G, the additive inverse of an element a is the element a^' such that a+a^'=a^'+a=0, where 0 is the additive identity of G. Usually, the additive inverse ...

A term of endearment used by algebraic topologists when talking about their favorite power tools such as Abelian groups, bundles, homology groups, homotopy groups, K-theory, ...

Given a vector space V, its projectivization P(V), sometimes written P(V-0), is the set of equivalence classes x∼lambdax for any lambda!=0 in V-0. For example, complex ...

A seminorm is a function on a vector space V, denoted ||v||, such that the following conditions hold for all v and w in V, and any scalar c. 1. ||v||>=0, 2. ||cv||=|c|||v||, ...

A normed vector space X=(X,||·||_X) is said to be uniformly convex if for sequences {x_n}={x_n}_(n=1)^infty, {y_n}={y_n}_(n=1)^infty, the assumptions ||x_n||_X<=1, ...

A stochastic matrix, also called a probability matrix, probability transition matrix, transition matrix, substitution matrix, or Markov matrix, is matrix used to characterize ...

Suppose that V is a group representation of G, and W is a group representation of H. Then the vector space tensor product V tensor W is a group representation of the group ...