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An algorithm for finding closed form hypergeometric identities. The algorithm treats sums whose successive terms have ratios which are rational functions. Not only does it ...

There are several definitions of the strength of a graph. Harary and Palmer (1959) and Harary and Palmer (1973, p. 66) define the strength of a tree as the maximum number of ...

A method for finding roots of a polynomial equation f(x)=0. Now find an equation whose roots are the roots of this equation diminished by r, so (1) The expressions for f(r), ...

The inverse cosecant is the multivalued function csc^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arccscz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Spanier and Oldham 1987, p. ...

The inverse hyperbolic cosecant csch^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 481), sometimes called the area hyperbolic cosecant (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 271) and sometimes denoted ...

The inverse hyperbolic sine sinh^(-1)z (Beyer 1987, p. 181; Zwillinger 1995, p. 481), sometimes called the area hyperbolic sine (Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 264) is the ...

The Klein bottle crossing number of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings possible when embedding G on a Klein bottle (cf. Garnder 1986, pp. 137-138). While the ...

A k×n Latin rectangle is a k×n matrix with elements a_(ij) in {1,2,...,n} such that entries in each row and column are distinct. If k=n, the special case of a Latin square ...

There are two sets of constants that are commonly known as Lebesgue constants. The first is related to approximation of function via Fourier series, which the other arises in ...

Legendre-Gauss quadrature is a numerical integration method also called "the" Gaussian quadrature or Legendre quadrature. A Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with ...