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A method of determining the maximum number of positive and negative real roots of a polynomial. For positive roots, start with the sign of the coefficient of the lowest (or ...

An SIR model is an epidemiological model that computes the theoretical number of people infected with a contagious illness in a closed population over time. The name of this ...

A smooth curve which corresponds to the limiting case of a histogram computed for a frequency distribution of a continuous distribution as the number of data points becomes ...

How many times can a shape be completely surrounded by copies of itself without being able to tile the entire plane, i.e., what is the maximum (finite) Heesch number?

For an n-dimensional map, the Lyapunov characteristic exponents are given by sigma_i=lim_(N->infty)ln|lambda_i(N)| for i=1, ..., n, where lambda_i is the Lyapunov ...

The maximum cardinal number of a collection of subsets of a t-element set T, none of which contains another, is the binomial coefficient (t; |_t/2_|), where |_x_| is the ...

An alpha value is a number 0<=alpha<=1 such that P(z>=z_(observed))<=alpha is considered "significant," where P is a P-value.

If f is continuous on a closed interval [a,b], then there is at least one number x^* in [a,b] such that int_a^bf(x)dx=f(x^*)(b-a). The average value of the function (f^_) on ...

A necessary and sufficient condition for a sequence S_i to converge. The Cauchy criterion is satisfied when, for all epsilon>0, there is a fixed number N such that ...

If an infinite number of points in the plane are all separated by integer distances, then all the points lie on a straight line.