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Let z=re^(itheta)=x+iy be a complex number, then inequality |(zexp(sqrt(1-z^2)))/(1+sqrt(1-z^2))|<=1 (1) holds in the lens-shaped region illustrated above. Written explicitly ...

The game of billiards is played on a rectangular table (known as a billiard table) upon which balls are placed. One ball (the "cue ball") is then struck with the end of a ...

The word polyhedron has slightly different meanings in geometry and algebraic geometry. In geometry, a polyhedron is simply a three-dimensional solid which consists of a ...

Let sopfr(n) be the sum of prime factors (with repetition) of a number n. For example, 20=2^2·5, so sopfr(20)=2+2+5=9. Then sopfr(n) for n=1, 2, ... is given by 0, 2, 3, 4, ...

In database structures, two quantities are generally of interest: the average number of comparisons required to 1. Find an existing random record, and 2. Insert a new random ...

An error-correcting code is an algorithm for expressing a sequence of numbers such that any errors which are introduced can be detected and corrected (within certain ...

The braced square problem asks, given a hinged square composed of four equal rods (indicated by the red lines above), how many more hinged rods must be added in the same ...

A fractal which can be constructed using string rewriting beginning with a cell [1] and iterating the rules {0->[0 1 0; 1 1 1; 0 1 0],1->[1 1 1; 1 1 1; 1 1 1]}. (1) The size ...

Togliatti surfaces are quintic surfaces having the maximum possible number of ordinary double points (31). A related surface sometimes known as the dervish can be defined by ...

The n×n square matrix F_n with entries given by F_(jk)=e^(2piijk/n)=omega^(jk) (1) for j,k=0, 1, 2, ..., n-1, where i is the imaginary number i=sqrt(-1), and normalized by ...