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The lattice method is an alternative to long multiplication for numbers. In this approach, a lattice is first constructed, sized to fit the numbers being multiplied. If we ...

Cubic lattice sums include the following: b_2(2s) = sum^'_(i,j=-infty)^infty((-1)^(i+j))/((i^2+j^2)^s) (1) b_3(2s) = ...

Lauricella functions are generalizations of the Gauss hypergeometric functions to multiple variables. Four such generalizations were investigated by Lauricella (1893), and ...

Let a, b, and c be the lengths of the legs of a triangle opposite angles A, B, and C. Then the law of cosines states a^2 = b^2+c^2-2bccosA (1) b^2 = a^2+c^2-2accosB (2) c^2 = ...

In functional analysis, the Lax-Milgram theorem is a sort of representation theorem for bounded linear functionals on a Hilbert space H. The result is of tantamount ...

Let L_n be the n×n matrix whose (i,j)th entry is 1 if j divides i and 0 otherwise, let Phi_n be the n×n diagonal matrix diag(phi(1),phi(2),...,phi(n)), where phi(n) is the ...

Let n>1 be any integer and let lpf(n) (also denoted LD(n)) be the least integer greater than 1 that divides n, i.e., the number p_1 in the factorization ...

The second solution Q_l(x) to the Legendre differential equation. The Legendre functions of the second kind satisfy the same recurrence relation as the Legendre polynomials. ...

The Legendre symbol is a number theoretic function (a/p) which is defined to be equal to +/-1 depending on whether a is a quadratic residue modulo p. The definition is ...

Lehmer (1938) showed that every positive irrational number x has a unique infinite continued cotangent representation of the form x=cot[sum_(k=0)^infty(-1)^kcot^(-1)b_k], (1) ...