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The minimal polynomial of an algebraic number zeta is the unique irreducible monic polynomial of smallest degree p(x) with rational coefficients such that p(zeta)=0 and whose ...

A field is any set of elements that satisfies the field axioms for both addition and multiplication and is a commutative division algebra. An archaic name for a field is ...

Let L be an extension field of K, denoted L/K, and let G be the set of automorphisms of L/K, that is, the set of automorphisms sigma of L such that sigma(x)=x for every x in ...

The prime HP(n) reached starting from a number n, concatenating its prime factors, and repeating until a prime is reached. For example, for n=9, 9=3·3->33=3·11->311, so 311 ...

A bivariate polynomial is a polynomial in two variables. Bivariate polynomials have the form f(x,y)=sum_(i,j)a_(i,j)x^iy^j. A homogeneous bivariate polynomial, also called a ...

A Gray code is an encoding of numbers so that adjacent numbers have a single digit differing by 1. The term Gray code is often used to refer to a "reflected" code, or more ...

A relation is any subset of a Cartesian product. For instance, a subset of A×B, called a "binary relation from A to B," is a collection of ordered pairs (a,b) with first ...

The sequence of binary digits of the Thue constant, 0.110110111110110111110110110..._2 (OEIS A014578). A recurrence plot of the limiting value of this sequence is illustrated ...

A binary unit of information equal to 8 bits. Unfortunately, the storage of binary numbers in computers is not entirely standardized. Because computers store information in ...

The parity of an integer is its attribute of being even or odd. Thus, it can be said that 6 and 14 have the same parity (since both are even), whereas 7 and 12 have opposite ...