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Several prizes are awarded periodically for outstanding mathematical achievement. There is no Nobel Prize in mathematics, and the most prestigious mathematical award is known ...

The largest value of a set, function, etc. The maximum value of a set of elements A={a_i}_(i=1)^N is denoted maxA or max_(i)a_i, and is equal to the last element of a sorted ...

The mean deviation (also called the mean absolute deviation) is the mean of the absolute deviations of a set of data about the data's mean. For a sample size N, the mean ...

The smallest value of a set, function, etc. The minimum value of a set of elements A={a_i}_(i=1)^N is denoted minA or min_(i)a_i, and is equal to the first element of a ...

The negabinary representation of a number n is its representation in base -2 (i.e., base negative 2). It is therefore given by the coefficients a_na_(n-1)...a_1a_0 in n = ...

The Nevanlinna Prize is awarded by the International Mathematical Union to outstanding contributors to the mathematical aspects of information science. The International ...

The permanent is an analog of a determinant where all the signs in the expansion by minors are taken as positive. The permanent of a matrix A is the coefficient of x_1...x_n ...

When discussing a rotation, there are two possible conventions: rotation of the axes, and rotation of the object relative to fixed axes. In R^2, consider the matrix that ...

A sum-free set S is a set for which the intersection of S and the sumset S+S is empty. For example, the sum-free sets of {1,2,3} are emptyset, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,3}, and ...

A sum is the result of an addition. For example, adding 1, 2, 3, and 4 gives the sum 10, written 1+2+3+4=10. (1) The numbers being summed are called addends, or sometimes ...