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The so-called generalized Fourier integral is a pair of integrals--a "lower Fourier integral" and an "upper Fourier integral"--which allow certain complex-valued functions f ...

The Gregory series is a pi formula found by Gregory and Leibniz and obtained by plugging x=1 into the Leibniz series, pi/4=sum_(k=1)^infty((-1)^(k+1))/(2k-1)=1-1/3+1/5-... ...

Define the sequence a_0=1, a_1=x, and a_n=(a_(n-2))/(1+a_(n-1)) (1) for n>=0. The first few values are a_2 = 1/(1+x) (2) a_3 = (x(1+x))/(2+x) (3) a_4 = ...

Hadjicostas's formula is a generalization of the unit square double integral gamma=int_0^1int_0^1(x-1)/((1-xy)ln(xy))dxdy (1) (Sondow 2003, 2005; Borwein et al. 2004, p. 49), ...

Given two randomly chosen n×n integer matrices, what is the probability D(n) that the corresponding determinants are relatively prime? Hafner et al. (1993) showed that ...

The Hartley Transform is an integral transform which shares some features with the Fourier transform, but which, in the most common convention, multiplies the integral kernel ...

There are at least three theorems known as Jensen's theorem. The first states that, for a fixed vector v=(v_1,...,v_m), the function |v|_p=(sum_(i=1)^m|v_i|^p)^(1/p) is a ...

The Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) condition is a kind of boundary-value condition which naturally emerges in quantum statistical mechanics and related areas. Given a quantum ...

Also called Radau quadrature (Chandrasekhar 1960). A Gaussian quadrature with weighting function W(x)=1 in which the endpoints of the interval [-1,1] are included in a total ...

There are two versions of the moat-crossing problem, one geometric and one algebraic. The geometric moat problems asks for the widest moat Rapunzel can cross to escape if she ...