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In identical experiments, an Allais paradox occurs when the addition of an independent event influences choice behavior. Consider the choices in the following table (Kahneman ...

The definition of an Anosov map is the same as for an Anosov diffeomorphism except that instead of being a diffeomorphism, it is a map. In particular, an Anosov map is a C^1 ...

Define a Bouniakowsky polynomial as an irreducible polynomial f(x) with integer coefficients, degree >1, and GCD(f(1),f(2),...)=1. The Bouniakowsky conjecture states that ...

The bracket polynomial is one-variable knot polynomial related to the Jones polynomial. The bracket polynomial, however, is not a topological invariant, since it is changed ...

Branch and bound algorithms are a variety of adaptive partition strategies have been proposed to solve global optimization models. These are based upon partition, sampling, ...

A Chen prime is a prime number p for which p+2 is either a prime or semiprime. Chen primes are named after Jing Run Chen who proved in 1966 that there are infinitely many ...

A reduction system is called confluent (or globally confluent) if, for all x, u, and w such that x->_*u and x->_*w, there exists a z such that u->_*z and w->_*z. A reduction ...

The cuban primes, named after differences between successive cubic numbers, have the form n^3-(n-1)^3. The first few are 7, 19, 37, 61, 127, 271, ... (OEIS A002407), which ...

In geometry, the term "enlargement" is a synonym for expansion. In nonstandard analysis, let X be a set of urelements, and let V(X) be the superstructure with individuals in ...

In mathematics, a formal language is normally defined by an alphabet and formation rules. The alphabet of a formal language is a set of symbols on which this language is ...