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The exponential function has two different natural q-extensions, denoted e_q(z) and E_q(z). They are defined by e_q(z) = sum_(n=0)^(infty)(z^n)/((q;q)_n) (1) = _1phi_0[0; ...

A q-analog of the gamma function defined by Gamma_q(x)=((q;q)_infty)/((q^x;q)_infty)(1-q)^(1-x), (1) where (x,q)_infty is a q-Pochhammer symbol (Koepf 1998, p. 26; Koekoek ...

A continuous distribution defined on the range x in [0,2pi) with probability density function P(x)=(e^(bcos(x-a)))/(2piI_0(b)), (1) where I_0(x) is a modified Bessel function ...

The Narayana triangle is the number triangle obtained from the Narayana numbers N(n,k), namely 1 ; 1 1 ; 1 3 1 ; 1 6 6 1 ; 1 10 20 10 1 ; 1 15 50 50 15 1 (OEIS A001263).

The Farey sequence F_n for any positive integer n is the set of irreducible rational numbers a/b with 0<=a<=b<=n and (a,b)=1 arranged in increasing order. The first few are ...

Suppose A and B are candidates for office and there are 2n voters, n voting for A and n for B. In how many ways can the ballots be counted so that B is never ahead of A? The ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

In geometry, the term "enlargement" is a synonym for expansion. In nonstandard analysis, let X be a set of urelements, and let V(X) be the superstructure with individuals in ...

Let I(G) denote the set of all independent sets of vertices of a graph G, and let I(G,u) denote the independent sets of G that contain the vertex u. A fractional coloring of ...

The first example discovered of a map from a higher-dimensional sphere to a lower-dimensional sphere which is not null-homotopic. Its discovery was a shock to the ...