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Minkowski-Bower Constant


Minkowski-BowerConstant

The Minkowski-Bower constant f is the smallest positive fixed point of Minkowski's question mark function ?(x) (Bower 1999, Finch 2003, pp. 441-443). Its value is

 f=0.420372339...
(1)

(OEIS A048819). The continued fractions of f and 1-f are

 f=[0;2,2,1,1,1,3,2,3,1,...]
(2)

(OEIS A058914) and

 1-f=[0;1,1,2,1,1,1,3,2,3,...]
(3)

(OEIS A120221), respectively.

The symmetry ?(1-x)=1-?(x) for x in [0,1] implies that 1-f is also a fixed point. It is conjectured that 0, 1/2, f, 1-f, and 1 are the only fixed points on [0,1], giving four modulo 1 (Gayfulin and Shulga 2020).

Gayfulin and Shulga (2020) proved that the smallest and greatest fixed points in (0,1/2) both have irrationality measure 2, so in particular this holds for f. For either such fixed point x=[0;a_1,a_2,...], its partial denominators satisfy a_1=2 and

 a_(n+1)<=sum_(j=1)^na_j
(4)

for every positive integer n. These results do not assume the uniqueness conjecture.


See also

Continued Fraction, Fixed Point, Irrationality Measure, Minkowski's Question Mark Function

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References

Bower, C. "Fixed Points of Minkowski's ?(x) Function." Unpublished note, 1999.Finch, S. R. "Minkowski-Bower Constant." §6.9 in Mathematical Constants. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 441-443, 2003.Gayfulin, D. and Shulga, N. A. "Diophantine Properties of Fixed Points of Minkowski Question Mark Function." Acta Arith. 195, 367-382, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4064/aa181209-18-9.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequences A048819, A058914, and A120221 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."

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Minkowski-Bower Constant

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Minkowski-Bower Constant." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Minkowski-BowerConstant.html

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