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Hokkaido Fractal


HokkaidoFractal

The Hokkaido fractal is a planar self-similar fractal associated with the plastic constant and the substitution system a->ab, b->c, c->d, d->e, e->a (Jolivet 2013, p. 96). Its name refers to its resemblance to the Japanese island of Hokkaido (Ei et al. 2006, p. 2288). Let rho be the plastic constant and let alpha be the root of x^3-x-1=0 with positive imaginary part, so |alpha|=rho^(-1/2). A normalization of the fractal is the compact set

 H={sum_(k=0)^inftyepsilon_kalpha^k:epsilon_k in {0,1},epsilon_k=1=>epsilon_(k+1)=epsilon_(k+2)=epsilon_(k+3)=epsilon_(k+4)=0}.
(1)

Thus successive 1s in the digit strings are separated by at least four 0s (Akiyama and Sadahiro 1998, p. 11).

Grouping these strings according to whether they begin with 0 or 10000 gives the iterated function system

 H=alphaH union (1+alpha^5H).
(2)

The two pieces have disjoint interiors and area proportions rho^(-1) and rho^(-5), whose sum is 1 (Akiyama and Sadahiro 1998, pp. 13-15). Thus H is an irreptile with two pieces of different sizes. The figure shows a finite approximation with these two pieces colored separately.

The boundary of H is a Jordan curve (Luo 2002, p. 335). Its Hausdorff dimension d=1.10026... is the positive solution of

 |alpha|^(4d)+|alpha|^(5d)=1
(3)

(Akiyama and Sadahiro 1998, pp. 24-26).


See also

Fractal, Irreptile, Iterated Function System, Plastic Constant, Rauzy Fractal, Substitution System

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References

Akiyama, S. and Sadahiro, T. "A Self-Similar Tiling Generated by the Minimal Pisot Number." Acta Math. Inform. Univ. Ostraviensis 6, 9-26, 1998. https://dml.cz/handle/10338.dmlcz/120535.Ei, H.; Ito, S.; and Rao, H. "Atomic Surfaces, Tilings and Coincidences II. Reducible Case." Ann. Inst. Fourier 56, 2285-2313, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5802/aif.2241.Jolivet, T. "Combinatorics of Pisot Substitutions." Joint PhD thesis. Paris, France: Université Paris Diderot and Turku, Finland: University of Turku, 2013. https://jolivet.org/timo/docs/thesis_jolivet.pdf.Luo, J. "A Note on a Self-Similar Tiling Generated by the Minimal Pisot Number." Fractals 10, 335-339, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218348X02001245.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Hokkaido Fractal." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HokkaidoFractal.html

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