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Erdős-Borwein Constant


The Erdős-Borwein constant E, sometimes also denoted alpha, is the sum of the reciprocals of the Mersenne numbers,

E=sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(2^n-1)
(1)
=sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(2^(n^2))(2^n+1)/(2^n-1)
(2)
=sum_(m=1)^(infty)sum_(n=1)^(infty)1/(2^(mn))
(3)
=sum_(n=1)^(infty)(sigma_0(n))/(2^n)
(4)
=1-(psi_(1/2)(1))/(ln2)
(5)
=1.606695152415291763...
(6)

(OEIS A065442), where sigma_0(n)=d(n) is the divisor function and psi_q(z) is a q-polygamma function. The transformation from equation (1) to (2) follows from the series transformation

 sum_(n=1)^infty(x^n)/(1-x^n)=sum_(n=1)^infty(x^(n^2)(1+x^n))/(1-x^n),
(7)

due to Clausen (Knuth 1998, pp. 155 and 157), valid for |x|<1, with x=1/2 here.

Erdős (1948) showed that the constant E is irrational. Borwein (1992) subsequently showed that

 sum_(n=1)^infty1/(q^n-r),
(8)

is irrational for an integer q with |q|>1 and a nonzero rational number r satisfying r!=q^n for every positive integer n.

Lambrinoudis (2026) reported that E is not a quadratic irrational number. More generally, for every integer q>=2, the numbers 1, F(q), and F(q)^2 are linearly independent over Q, where

 F(q)=sum_(n=1)^infty1/(q^n-1).
(9)

This does not establish transcendence. The author credits generative AI with developing the argument and Lean formalization under his supervision. As of Oct. 15, 2026, the project reported a complete formalization with no additional mathematical assumptions, but independent specialist review had not been reported.

Bailey and Crandall (2002, §5, p. 540) asked whether every finite binary word occurs in the binary expansion of E, a property they called 2-density. Campbell (2026) proved that the word 11 occurs infinitely often. The authorless "Disjunctivity of the Erdős-Borwein Constant" (2026) claims that, for every fixed binary word w, there is a constant C_w>0 such that

 N_w(N)>=Nexp{-C_w(lnlnN)^3}
(10)

for all sufficiently large N, where N_w(N) counts occurrences beginning among the first N binary digits. Thus the claimed lower bound implies that every finite binary word occurs infinitely often in the binary expansion of E.

The accompanying Lean development checks the qualitative conclusion conditional on two explicit hypotheses on the distribution of prime numbers, but does not formalize the displayed quantitative lower bound. As of Sep. 8, 2026, no specialist review had been reported. VibeMathed (2026) classifies the work as AI-discovered and attributes it to GPT-6 Astra, but the released source does not identify an author or state an AI role.


See also

Erdős Number, Lambert Series, Mersenne Number, Normal Number, Tree Searching

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References

--. "Disjunctivity of the Erdős-Borwein Constant." Sep. 7, 2026. https://github.com/CaptainSude/erdos-borwein-disjunctivity/releases/tag/v1.0.0.Bailey, D. H. and Crandall, R. E. "Random Generators and Normal Numbers." Exper. Math. 11, 527-546, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1080/10586458.2002.10504704.Borwein, P. "On the Irrationality of Certain Series." Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 112, 141-146, 1992.Campbell, J. M. "On the Binary Digits of the Erdős-Borwein Constant." 22 May 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24160.Erdős, P. "On Arithmetical Properties of Lambert Series." J. Indian Math. Soc. 12, 63-66, 1948.Finch, S. R. Mathematical Constants. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, pp. 354-361, 2003.Knuth, D. E. The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 3: Sorting and Searching, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1998.Lambrinoudis, C. "Nonquadraticity of Lambert Series Values." Oct. 7, 2026. https://github.com/clambro/lambert-nonquadraticity.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequence A065442 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."VibeMathed. "The Erdős-Borwein Constant Is 2-Dense." Sep. 8, 2026. https://vibemathed.com/problem/the-erdos-borwein-constant-is-2-dense.

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Erdős-Borwein Constant

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Erdős-Borwein Constant." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Erdos-BorweinConstant.html

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