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Circumellipse


A circumellipse is a circumconic of a triangle that is an ellipse.

More generally, a circumellipse of a quadrilateral is an ellipse that passes through all four of its vertices. Every convex quadrilateral has a unique circumellipse of minimal area and a unique circumellipse of minimal eccentricity (Horwitz 2010).

The minimum-area circumellipse of a quadrilateral need not be its Löwner ellipsoid. The former minimizes area among ellipses passing through all four vertices, whereas the latter minimizes area among all ellipses containing the quadrilateral and may have only three vertices on its boundary (Horwitz 2010).

A convex quadrilateral is called a bielliptic quadrilateral if its unique minimum-eccentricity inellipse and circumellipse have the same eccentricity (Horwitz 2010).

There is an amazing formula for the area of a circumellipse. Let d_A be the length of the chord of the ellipse through the center of the ellipse and parallel to the sideline BC of the reference triangle DeltaABC, and similarly define d_B and d_C. Then

A=(pid_Ad_Bd_C)/(8R)
(1)
=(pid_Ad_Bd_C)/(2abc)Delta
(2)

(Chakerian 1979, p. 149), where R is the circumradius of the reference triangle and Delta its area. Explicitly calculating the chord lengths for a circumconic with parameters x:y:z then gives the beautiful formula

 A=(4piabcxyz)/([2(abxy+bcyz+cazx)-(a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2)]^(3/2))
(3)

(E. W. Weisstein, Dec. 4, 2005).

The following table summarizes the areas of some named circumellipses.


See also

Circle, Circumconic, Excentral-Hexyl Ellipse, Hofstadter Ellipse, Inellipse, Löwner Ellipsoid, Macbeath Circumconic, Steiner Circumellipse

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References

Chakerian, G. D. "A Distorted View of Geometry." Ch. 7 in Mathematical Plums (Ed. R. Honsberger). Washington, DC: Math. Assoc. Amer., 1979.Gallatly, W. "The Circum-Ellipse." §1152 in The Modern Geometry of the Triangle, 2nd ed. London, England: Hodgson, pp. 107-108, 1913.Horwitz, A. "Ellipses of Minimal Area and of Minimal Eccentricity Circumscribed about a Convex Quadrilateral." Aust. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 7, Article 8, 1-12, 2010. https://arxiv.org/abs/0707.2092.

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Circumellipse

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Circumellipse." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Circumellipse.html

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