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Let A:D(A)->H and B:D(B)->H be linear operators from domains D(A) and D(B), respectively, into a Hilbert space H. It is said that B extends A if D(A) subset D(B) and if Bv=Av ...

The operator norm of a linear operator T:V->W is the largest value by which T stretches an element of V, ||T||=sup_(||v||=1)||T(v)||. (1) It is necessary for V and W to be ...

Let T be a linear operator on a separable Hilbert space. The spectrum sigma(T) of T is the set of lambda such that (T-lambdaI) is not invertible on all of the Hilbert space, ...

A broad area of mathematics connected with functional analysis, differential equations, index theory, representation theory, and mathematical physics.

The ophiuride is a cubic curve (left figure) given by the implicit equation x(x^2+y^2)+(ax-by)y=0, (1) where a>0,b>=0, or by the polar equation ...

Given an acute angle in a right triangle, the opposite side is the leg of the triangle which is not incident on the angle. Lengths of opposite and adjacent sides appear ...

A branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Optimization theory is the more modern term for operations research. ...

An orbifold is the object obtained by identifying any two points of a map which are equivalent under some symmetry of the map's group.

A simple way to enumerate some types of groups due to J. H. Conway (Zwillinger 1995).

The illusion illustrated above in which the bounding rectangle and inner square both appear distorted.