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If r experiments are performed with n_i possible outcomes for each experiment i=1,2,...,r, then there are a total of product_(i=1)^(r)n_i possible outcomes.

A positive integer: 1, 2, 3, 4, ... (OEIS A000027), also called a natural number. However, zero (0) is sometimes also included in the list of counting numbers. Due to lack of ...

Let n objects be picked repeatedly with probability p_i that object i is picked on a given try, with sum_(i)p_i=1. Find the earliest time at which all n objects have been ...

A condition in numerical equation solving which states that, given a space discretization, a time step bigger than some computable quantity should not be taken. The condition ...

Pairs of primes of the form (p, p+4) are called cousin primes. The first few are (3, 7), (7, 11), (13, 17), (19, 23), (37, 41), (43, 47), (67, 71), ... (OEIS A023200 and ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

Given n sets of variates denoted {X_1}, ..., {X_n} , the first-order covariance matrix is defined by V_(ij)=cov(x_i,x_j)=<(x_i-mu_i)(x_j-mu_j)>, where mu_i is the mean. ...

The covariant derivative of a contravariant tensor A^a (also called the "semicolon derivative" since its symbol is a semicolon) is given by A^a_(;b) = ...

A functor F is called covariant if it preserves the directions of arrows, i.e., every arrow f:A-->B is mapped to an arrow F(f):F(A)-->F(B).

A covariant tensor, denoted with a lowered index (e.g., a_mu) is a tensor having specific transformation properties. In general, these transformation properties differ from ...