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In the above illustration, black dots appear to form and vanish at the intersections of the gray horizontal and vertical lines. When focusing attention on a single white dot, ...

A subset E of a topological space S is said to be of second category in S if E cannot be written as the countable union of subsets which are nowhere dense in S, i.e., if ...

Every smooth nonzero vector field on the 3-sphere has at least one closed orbit. The conjecture was proposed in 1950 and proved true for Hopf maps. The conjecture was ...

The field of semidefinite programming (SDP) or semidefinite optimization (SDO) deals with optimization problems over symmetric positive semidefinite matrix variables with ...

A sequent is an expression Gamma|-Lambda, where Gamma and Lambda are (possibly empty) sequences of formulas. Here, Gamma is called the antecedent and Lambda is called the ...

A problem also known as the points problem or unfinished game. Consider a tournament involving k players playing the same game repetitively. Each game has a single winner, ...

The randomization of a deck of cards by repeated interleaving. More generally, a shuffle is a rearrangement of the elements in an ordered list. Shuffling by exactly ...

The Sierpiński carpet is the fractal illustrated above which may be constructed analogously to the Sierpiński sieve, but using squares instead of triangles. It can be ...

There are several fractal curves associated with Sierpiński. The area for the first Sierpiński curve illustrated above (Sierpiński curve 1912) is A=1/3(7-4sqrt(2)). The curve ...

As proved by Sierpiński (1960), there exist infinitely many positive odd numbers k such that k·2^n+1 is composite for every n>=1. Numbers k with this property are called ...