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If r is a root of a nonzero polynomial equation a_nx^n+a_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+a_1x+a_0=0, (1) where the a_is are integers (or equivalently, rational numbers) and r satisfies no ...

Apéry's numbers are defined by A_n = sum_(k=0)^(n)(n; k)^2(n+k; k)^2 (1) = sum_(k=0)^(n)([(n+k)!]^2)/((k!)^4[(n-k)!]^2) (2) = _4F_3(-n,-n,n+1,n+1;1,1,1;1), (3) where (n; k) ...

Apéry's constant is defined by zeta(3)=1.2020569..., (1) (OEIS A002117) where zeta(z) is the Riemann zeta function. B. Haible and T. Papanikolaou computed zeta(3) to 1000000 ...

Solutions to the associated Laguerre differential equation with nu!=0 and k an integer are called associated Laguerre polynomials L_n^k(x) (Arfken 1985, p. 726) or, in older ...

Augmentation is the dual operation of truncation which replaces the faces of a polyhedron with pyramids of height h (where h may be positive, zero, or negative) having the ...

The conjugate gradient method is not suitable for nonsymmetric systems because the residual vectors cannot be made orthogonal with short recurrences, as proved in Voevodin ...

The bipartite double graph, also called the Kronecker cover, Kronecker double cover, bipartite double cover, canonical double cover, or bipartite double, of a given graph G ...

A Boolean algebra is a mathematical structure that is similar to a Boolean ring, but that is defined using the meet and join operators instead of the usual addition and ...

In most modern literature, a Boolean model is a probabilistic model of continuum percolation theory characterized by the existence of a stationary point process X and a ...

A branch cut is a curve (with ends possibly open, closed, or half-open) in the complex plane across which an analytic multivalued function is discontinuous. For convenience, ...