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Let the nth composition of a function f(x) be denoted f^((n))(x), such that f^((0))(x)=x and f^((1))(x)=f(x). Denote the composition of f and g by f degreesg(x)=f(g(x)), and ...

A maximal subgraph of an undirected graph such that any two edges in the subgraph lie on a common simple cycle.

A subset X subset Y is said to be bicollared in Y if there exists an embedding b:X×[-1,1]->Y such that b(x,0)=x when x in X. The map b or its image is then said to be the ...

The connective in A<=>B (also denoted A=B) that returns a true result iff A and B are either both true or both false. The biconditional is also called an equivalence.

A bicubic spline is a special case of bicubic interpolation which uses an interpolation function of the form y(x_1,x_2) = sum_(i=1)^(4)sum_(j=1)^(4)c_(ij)t^(i-1)u^(j-1) (1) ...

The study of the nature and properties of bifurcations.

A function is in big-theta of f if it is not much worse but also not much better than f, Theta(f(n))=O(f(n)) intersection Omega(f(n)).

A roll of 10 on a pair of six-sided dice in the game of craps (Gardner 1978, p. 256). The probability of rolling "a big Dick" is 1/12, or 8.333...%.

A two-sided (doubly infinite) Laplace transform, L_t[f(t)](s)=int_(-infty)^inftyf(t)e^(-st)dt. While some authors use this as the primary definition of "the" Laplace ...

The kernel of a symmetric bilinear form Q:V×V-->R is the set Ker(Q)={v in V|Q(v,w)=0 for all w in V}.