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The region lying between two concentric circles. The area of the annulus formed by two circles of radii a and b (with a>b) is A_(annulus)=pi(a^2-b^2). The annulus is ...

Given a symmetric positive definite matrix A, the Cholesky decomposition is an upper triangular matrix U with strictly positive diagonal entries such that A=U^(T)U. Cholesky ...

The downward Clenshaw recurrence formula evaluates a sum of products of indexed coefficients by functions which obey a recurrence relation. If f(x)=sum_(k=0)^Nc_kF_k(x) (1) ...

A topological space decomposes into its connected components. The connectedness relation between two pairs of points satisfies transitivity, i.e., if a∼b and b∼c then a∼c. ...

The corkscrew surface, sometimes also called the twisted sphere (Gray 1997, p. 477), is a surface obtained by extending a sphere along a diameter and then twisting. It can be ...

Let a knot K be parameterized by a vector function v(t) with t in S^1, and let w be a fixed unit vector in R^3. Count the number of local minima of the projection function ...

The cubeplex graph is the cubic Hamiltonian graph on 12 nodes illustrated above in several embeddings and corresponding to the graph Gamma_1 in Fischer and Little (2001). It ...

The far-out point F of a triangle DeltaABC is the inverse point of the triangle centroid with respect to the circumcircle of DeltaABC. For a triangle with side lengths a, b, ...

The Fransén-Robinson constant F is defined by F=int_0^infty(dx)/(Gamma(x))=2.8077702420... (OEIS A058655) where Gamma(x) is the gamma function. No closed-form expression in ...

A univariate distribution proportional to the F-distribution. If the vector d is Gaussian multivariate-distributed with zero mean and unit covariance matrix N_p(0,I) and M is ...