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A divisor, also called a factor, of a number n is a number d which divides n (written d|n). For integers, only positive divisors are usually considered, though obviously the ...

A double bubble is pair of bubbles which intersect and are separated by a membrane bounded by the intersection. The usual double bubble is illustrated in the left figure ...

A C-matrix is a symmetric (C^(T)=C) or antisymmetric (C^(T)=-C) C_n (-1,0,1)-matrix with diagonal elements 0 and others +/-1 that satisfies CC^(T)=(n-1)I, (1) where I is the ...

Cauchy's integral formula states that f(z_0)=1/(2pii)∮_gamma(f(z)dz)/(z-z_0), (1) where the integral is a contour integral along the contour gamma enclosing the point z_0. It ...

The connected domination number of a connected graph G, denoted d(G), is the size of a minimum connected dominating set of a graph G. The maximum leaf number l(G) and ...

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of m control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly ...

A closed box composed of three pairs of rectangular faces placed opposite each other and joined at right angles to each other, also known as a rectangular parallelepiped. The ...

The curve formed by the intersection of a cylinder and a sphere is known as Viviani's curve. The problem of finding the lateral surface area of a cylinder of radius r ...

"Escher's solid" is the solid illustrated on the right pedestal in M. C. Escher's Waterfall woodcut (Bool et al. 1982, p. 323). It is obtained by augmenting a rhombic ...

Euler (1772ab) conjectured that there are no positive integer solutions to the quartic Diophantine equation A^4=B^4+C^4+D^4. This conjecture was disproved by Elkies (1988), ...