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A system of curvilinear coordinates. There are several different conventions for the orientation and designation of these coordinates. Arfken (1970) defines coordinates ...

The surface of revolution of the parabola which is the shape used in the reflectors of automobile headlights (Steinhaus 1999, p. 242; Hilbert and Cohn-Vossen 1999). It is a ...

Parallel curves, frequently called "offset curves" in computer graphics applications, are curves which are displaced from a base curve by a constant offset, either positive ...

Move a point Pi_0 along a line from an initial point to a final point. It traces out a line segment Pi_1. When Pi_1 is translated from an initial position to a final ...

The golden ratio phi can be written in terms of a nested radical in the beautiful form phi=sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+...)))), (1) which can be written recursively as ...

If a function has a Fourier series given by f(x)=1/2a_0+sum_(n=1)^inftya_ncos(nx)+sum_(n=1)^inftyb_nsin(nx), (1) then Bessel's inequality becomes an equality known as ...

A path gamma is a continuous mapping gamma:[a,b]|->C^0, where gamma(a) is the initial point, gamma(b) is the final point, and C^0 denotes the space of continuous functions. ...

The set of all lines through a point. The term was first used by Desargues (Cremona 1960, p. x). The six angles of any pencils of four rays O{ABCD} are connected by the ...

The pentagonal wegde is one of the seven topologically distinct convex hexahedra. Like the cube, it contains 8 vertices, 12 edges, and 6 faces, but its faces consist of 2 ...

A polyhedral graph on five nodes. There are two topologically distinct pentahedral graphs which, through duality, correspond to the skeletons of the square pyramid (left ...