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A bra <psi| is a vector living in a dual vector space to that containing kets |psi>. Bras and kets are commonly encountered in quantum mechanics. Bras and kets can be ...

One of the polynomials obtained by taking powers of the Brahmagupta matrix. They satisfy the recurrence relation x_(n+1) = xx_n+tyy_n (1) y_(n+1) = xy_n+yx_n. (2) A list of ...

For a general quadrilateral with sides of length a, b, c, and d, the area K is given by (1) where s=1/2(a+b+c+d) (2) is the semiperimeter, A is the angle between a and d, and ...

A braid is an intertwining of some number of strings attached to top and bottom "bars" such that each string never "turns back up." In other words, the path of each string in ...

A braid index is the least number of strings needed to make a closed braid representation of a link. The braid index is equal to the least number of Seifert circles in any ...

The converse of Pascal's theorem, which states that if the three pairs of opposite sides of (an irregular) hexagon meet at three collinear points, then the six vertices lie ...

Let B={b_1,b_2,...} be an infinite Abelian semigroup with linear order b_1<b_2<... such that b_1 is the unit element and a<b implies ac<bc for a,b,c in B. Define a Möbius ...

In 1850, Bravais demonstrated that crystals were comprised of 14 different types of unit cells: simple cubic, body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic; simple tetragonal, ...

An algorithm which can be used to find a good, but not necessarily minimal, edge or vertex coloring for a graph. However, the algorithm does minimally color complete ...

The Brent-Salamin formula, also called the Gauss-Salamin formula or Salamin formula, is a formula that uses the arithmetic-geometric mean to compute pi. It has quadratic ...