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The proof theories of propositional calculus and first-order logic are often referred to as classical logic. Intuitionistic propositional logic can be described as classical ...

The pseudosphere is the constant negative-Gaussian curvature surface of revolution generated by a tractrix about its asymptote. It is sometimes also called the tractroid, ...

Smale (1958) proved that it is mathematically possible to turn a sphere inside-out without introducing a sharp crease at any point. This means there is a regular homotopy ...

A Mersenne prime is a Mersenne number, i.e., a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, that is prime. In order for M_n to be prime, n must itself be prime. This is true since for ...

The bull graph is a simple graph on 5 nodes and 5 edges whose name derives from its resemblance to a schematic illustration of a bull or ram (whose face is the triangle and ...

"Analysis of Variance." A statistical test for heterogeneity of means by analysis of group variances. ANOVA is implemented as ANOVA[data] in the Wolfram Language package ...

The term "Aristotle gap"' is introduced in this work to refer to the angle between the first and last member of a 5-tetrahedral ring. This gap has angle measure theta = ...

The partial differential equation u_t+u_x+uu_x-u_(xxt)=0 (Benjamin et al. 1972; Arvin and Goldstein 1985; Zwillinger 1997, p. 130). A generalized version is given by u_t-del ...

An axiomatic system is said to be categorical if there is only one essentially distinct representation for it. In particular, the names and types of objects within the system ...

Let X and Y be sets, and let R subset= X×Y be a relation on X×Y. Then R is a concurrent relation if and only if for any finite subset F of X, there exists a single element p ...