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Select three points at random on the circumference of a unit circle and find the distribution of areas of the resulting triangles determined by these three points. The first ...

A circumhyperbola is a circumconic that is a hyperbola. A rectangular circumhyperbola always passes through the orthocenter H and has center on the nine-point circle ...

The word "class" has many specialized meanings in mathematics in which it refers to a group of objects with some common property (e.g., characteristic class or conjugacy ...

The complete elliptic integral of the second kind, illustrated above as a function of k, is defined by E(k) = E(1/2pi,k) (1) = ...

A composite number n is a positive integer n>1 which is not prime (i.e., which has factors other than 1 and itself). The first few composite numbers (sometimes called ...

A sequence of primes q_1<q_2<...<q_k is a Cunningham chain of the first kind (second kind) of length k if q_(i+1)=2q_i+1 (q_(i+1)=2q_i-1) for i=1, ..., k-1. Cunningham primes ...

The Diffie-Hellman protocol is a method for two computer users to generate a shared private key with which they can then exchange information across an insecure channel. Let ...

If a is an arbitrary integer relatively prime to n and g is a primitive root of n, then there exists among the numbers 0, 1, 2, ..., phi(n)-1, where phi(n) is the totient ...

Using disk point picking, x = sqrt(r)costheta (1) y = sqrt(r)sintheta (2) for r in [0,1], theta in [0,2pi), choose two points at random in a unit disk and find the ...

A set of positive integers is double-free if, for any integer x, the set {x,2x} !subset= S (or equivalently, x in S implies 2x not in S). For example, of the subsets of ...