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Consider a set A_n={a_1,a_2,...,a_n} of n positive integer-denomination postage stamps sorted such that 1=a_1<a_2<...<a_n. Suppose they are to be used on an envelope with ...

A power series in a variable z is an infinite sum of the form sum_(i=0)^inftya_iz^i, where a_i are integers, real numbers, complex numbers, or any other quantities of a given ...

A projective module generalizes the concept of the free module. A module M over a nonzero unit ring R is projective iff it is a direct summand of a free module, i.e., of some ...

A sieving procedure that can be used in conjunction with Dixon's factorization method to factor large numbers n. Pick values of r given by r=|_sqrt(n)_|+k, (1) where k=1, 2, ...

The word quadrature has (at least) three incompatible meanings. Integration by quadrature either means solving an integral analytically (i.e., symbolically in terms of known ...

The irrational constant R = e^(pisqrt(163)) (1) = 262537412640768743.9999999999992500... (2) (OEIS A060295), which is very close to an integer. Numbers such as the Ramanujan ...

A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a fraction p/q where p and q are integers and q!=0. A rational number p/q is said to have numerator p and denominator ...

The Roman surface, also called the Steiner surface (not to be confused with the class of Steiner surfaces of which the Roman surface is a particular case), is a quartic ...

The Royle graphs are the two unique simple graphs on eight nodes whose sigma polynomials have nonreal roots (Read and Wilson 1998, p. 265). The sigma polynomials of these ...

In combinatorial mathematics, the series-parallel networks problem asks for the number of networks that can be formed using a given number of edges. The edges can be ...