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A rooted graph is a graph in which one node is labeled in a special way so as to distinguish it from other nodes. The special node is called the root of the graph. The rooted ...

A complete oriented graph (Skiena 1990, p. 175), i.e., a graph in which every pair of nodes is connected by a single uniquely directed edge. The first and second 3-node ...

The vector r from the origin to the current position. It is also called the position vector. The derivative of r satisfies ...

The free module of rank n over a nonzero unit ring R, usually denoted R^n, is the set of all sequences {a_1,a_2,...,a_n} that can be formed by picking n (not necessarily ...

The (weak) Bruhat graph B_n of order n is the simple graph having have all permutations of {1,2,...,n} as vertices, and with an edge between pairs of permutations that differ ...

Condorcet's jury theorem states that given a group of voters (a "jury") independently choosing by majority vote between a correct outcome with probability 0<=p<=1 and an ...

A connection game is a board game in which players compete to develop or complete a type of topological connection with their pieces. This could involve forming a path ...

The cup product is a product on cohomology classes. In the case of de Rham cohomology, a cohomology class can be represented by a closed form. The cup product of [alpha] and ...

The Doro graph is a distance-transitive and Distance-Regular Graph on 68 vertices and with valency 12. It is the unique automorphic graph having intersection array ...

Endraß surfaces are a pair of octic surfaces which have 168 ordinary double points. This is the maximum number known to exist for an octic surface, although the rigorous ...