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A set A of integers is productive if there exists a partial recursive function f such that, for any x, the following holds: If the domain of phi_x is a subset of A, then f(x) ...

The projective special linear group PSL_n(q) is the group obtained from the special linear group SL_n(q) on factoring by the scalar matrices contained in that group. It is ...

The projective special orthogonal group PSO_n(q) is the group obtained from the special orthogonal group SO_n(q) on factoring by the scalar matrices contained in that group. ...

The projective special unitary group PSU_n(q) is the group obtained from the special unitary group SU_n(q) on factoring by the scalar matrices contained in that group. ...

A simple closed curve on a sphere that is not necessarily a great circle but merely intersects as a great circle would (Billera et al. 1999).

A pseudograph is a non-simple graph in which both graph loops and multiple edges are permitted (Zwillinger 2003, p. 220).

A typical vector (i.e., a vector such as the radius vector r) is transformed to its negative under inversion of its coordinate axes. Such "proper" vectors are known as polar ...

A mathematical problem, usually not requiring advanced mathematics, to which a solution is desired. Puzzles frequently require the rearrangement of existing pieces (e.g., 15 ...

A figurate number corresponding to a configuration of points which form a pyramid with r-sided regular polygon bases can be thought of as a generalized pyramidal number, and ...

The Pythagoras tree is a fractal constructed iteratively from a right triangle with squares erected on each of the sides. Subsequent iterations add additional similar right ...