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Arithmetic is the branch of mathematics dealing with integers or, more generally, numerical computation. Arithmetical operations include addition, congruence calculation, ...

An arithmetic function is a function f(n) defined for all n in N, usually taken to be complex-valued, so that f:N->C (Jones and Jones 1998, p. 143). An alternative definition ...

A vaguely defined branch of mathematics dealing with varieties, the Mordell conjecture, Arakelov theory, and elliptic curves.

The arithmetic mean of a set of values is the quantity commonly called "the" mean or the average. Given a set of samples {x_i}, the arithmetic mean is x^_=1/Nsum_(i=1)^Nx_i. ...

An arithmetic progression, also known as an arithmetic sequence, is a sequence of n numbers {a_0+kd}_(k=0)^(n-1) such that the differences between successive terms is a ...

An arithmetic series is the sum of a sequence {a_k}, k=1, 2, ..., in which each term is computed from the previous one by adding (or subtracting) a constant d. Therefore, for ...

Arnauld's paradox states that if negative numbers exist, then (-1)/1 must equal 1/(-1), which asserts that the ratio of a smaller to a larger quantity equals the ratio of the ...

The nonconservation of adiabatic invariants which arises in systems with three or more degrees of freedom.

Consider the circle map. If K is nonzero, then the motion is periodic in some finite region surrounding each rational Omega. This execution of periodic motion in response to ...

The best known example of an Anosov diffeomorphism. It is given by the transformation [x_(n+1); y_(n+1)]=[1 1; 1 2][x_n; y_n], (1) where x_(n+1) and y_(n+1) are computed mod ...