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There are two different definitions of the polar angle. In the plane, the polar angle theta is the counterclockwise angle from the x-axis at which a point in the xy-plane ...

A result in control theory. Define H(psi,x,u)=(psi,f(x,u))=sum_(a=0)^npsi_af^a(x,u). Then in order for a control u(t) and a trajectory x(t) to be optimal, it is necessary ...

The number of digits used to perform a given computation. The concepts of accuracy and precision are both closely related and often confused. While the accuracy of a number x ...

A topology on a set X whose open sets are the unions of open balls B(X_0,r)={x in x|g(x_0,x)<r}, where g is a pseudometric on X, x_0 is any point of X, and r>0. There is a ...

The rectifiable sets include the image of any Lipschitz function f from planar domains into R^3. The full set is obtained by allowing arbitrary measurable subsets of ...

Consider the plane figure obtained by drawing each diagonal in a regular polygon. If each point of intersection is associated with a node and diagonals are split ar each ...

A subset M subset R^n is called a regular surface if for each point p in M, there exists a neighborhood V of p in R^n and a map x:U->R^n of an open set U subset R^2 onto V ...

Let z_0 be a point in a simply connected region R!=C, where C is the complex plane. Then there is a unique analytic function w=f(z) mapping R one-to-one onto the disk |w|<1 ...

The period for a quasiperiodic trajectory to pass through the same point in a surface of section. If the rotation number is irrational, the trajectory will densely fill out a ...

A Cantor set C in R^3 is said to be scrawny if for each neighborhood U of an arbitrary point p in C, there is a neighborhood V of p such that every map f:S^1->V subset C ...