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Pick three points P=(x_1,y_1), Q=(x_2,y_2), and R=(x_3,y_3) distributed independently and uniformly in a unit disk K (i.e., in the interior of the unit circle). Then the ...

A function built up of a finite combination of constant functions, field operations (addition, multiplication, division, and root extractions--the elementary operations)--and ...

A beautiful approximation to the Euler-Mascheroni constant gamma is given by pi/(2e)=0.57786367... (1) (OEIS A086056; E. W. Weisstein, Apr. 18, 2006), which is good to three ...

Euler conjectured that at least n nth powers are required for n>2 to provide a sum that is itself an nth power. The conjecture was disproved by Lander and Parkin (1967) with ...

The Fano plane is the configuration consisting of the two-dimensional finite projective plane over GF(2) ("of order two"), illustrated above. It is a block design with nu=7, ...

Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, also called the Gram-Schmidt process, is a procedure which takes a nonorthogonal set of linearly independent functions and constructs an ...

Jacobi's imaginary transformations relate elliptic functions to other elliptic functions of the same type but having different arguments. In the case of the Jacobi elliptic ...

The Kakeya needle problems asks for the plane figure of least area in which a line segment of width 1 can be freely rotated (where translation of the segment is also ...

Find the plane lamina of least area A which is capable of covering any plane figure of unit generalized diameter. A unit circle is too small, but a hexagon circumscribed on ...

The nearest integer function, also called nint or the round function, is defined such that nint(x) is the integer closest to x. While the notation |_x] is sometimes used to ...