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For a set of n numbers or values of a discrete distribution x_i, ..., x_n, the root-mean-square (abbreviated "RMS" and sometimes called the quadratic mean), is the square ...

The root separation (or zero separation) of a polynomial P(x) with roots r_1, r_2, ... is defined by Delta(P)=min_(i!=j)|r_i-r_j|. There are lower bounds on how close two ...

A rotor is a convex figure that can be rotated inside a polygon (or polyhedron) while always touching every side (or face). The least area rotor in a square is the Reuleaux ...

A polyhedron consisting of a n-gon, a parallel 2n-gon rotated a half-edge turn, and a band of paired triangles separated by pentagons. The only true member giving a ...

A rounded rectangle is the shape obtained by taking the convex hull of four equal circles of radius r and placing their centers at the four corners of a rectangle with side ...

If the sides of a triangle are divided in the ratios lambda:1, mu:1, and nu:1, the cevians form a central triangle whose area is ...

The vector space generated by the rows of a matrix viewed as vectors. The row space of a n×m matrix A with real entries is a subspace generated by n elements of R^m, hence ...

A usually simple algorithm or identity. The term is frequently applied to specific orders of Newton-Cotes formulas. The designation "rule n" is also given to the nth ...

Rule 126 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

Rule 182 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...