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A regular continued fraction is a simple continued fraction x = b_0+1/(b_1+1/(b_2+1/(b_3+...))) (1) = K_(k=1)^(infty)1/(b_k) (2) = [b_0;b_1,b_2,...], (3) where b_0 is an ...

In August 2002, M. Agrawal and colleagues announced a deterministic algorithm for determining if a number is prime that runs in polynomial time (Agrawal et al. 2004). While ...

An abundant number, sometimes also called an excessive number, is a positive integer n for which s(n)=sigma(n)-n>n, (1) where sigma(n) is the divisor function and s(n) is the ...

The Alexander polynomial is a knot invariant discovered in 1923 by J. W. Alexander (Alexander 1928). The Alexander polynomial remained the only known knot polynomial until ...

An alternating knot is a knot which possesses a knot diagram in which crossings alternate between under- and overpasses. Not all knot diagrams of alternating knots need be ...

Angle trisection is the division of an arbitrary angle into three equal angles. It was one of the three geometric problems of antiquity for which solutions using only compass ...

Let n be a positive nonsquare integer. Then Artin conjectured that the set S(n) of all primes for which n is a primitive root is infinite. Under the assumption of the ...

A base-b BBP-type formula is a convergent series formula of the type alpha=sum_(k=0)^infty(p(k))/(b^kq(k)) (1) where p(k) and q(k) are integer polynomials in k (Bailey 2000; ...

The binomial distribution gives the discrete probability distribution P_p(n|N) of obtaining exactly n successes out of N Bernoulli trials (where the result of each Bernoulli ...

The first (called the "Blanuša double" by Orbanić et al. 2004) and second (called the "Blanuša snark" by Orbanić et al. 2004) Blanuša snarks were the second and third snarks ...