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In each of the ten cases with zero or unit mass, the finite part of the scalar 3-loop tetrahedral vacuum Feynman diagram reduces to four-letter "words" that represent ...

The following integral transform relationship, known as the Abel transform, exists between two functions f(x) and g(t) for 0<alpha<1, f(x) = int_0^x(g(t)dt)/((x-t)^alpha) (1) ...

The quantum electrodynamical law which applies to spin-1/2 particles and is the relativistic generalization of the Schrödinger equation. In 3+1 dimensions (three space ...

The geometric centroid (center of mass) of the polygon vertices of a triangle is the point G (sometimes also denoted M) which is also the intersection of the triangle's three ...

The difference between the sum of the angles A, B, and C of a spherical triangle and pi radians (180 degrees), E=A+B+C-pi. The notation Delta is sometimes used for spherical ...

A geodesic triangle with oriented boundary yields a curve which is piecewise differentiable. Furthermore, the tangent vector varies continuously at all but the three corner ...

A spherical triangle is a figure formed on the surface of a sphere by three great circular arcs intersecting pairwise in three vertices. The spherical triangle is the ...

Let a spherical triangle Delta have angles A, B, and C. Then the spherical excess is given by Delta=A+B+C-pi.

Tiling of a Möbius strip can be performed immediately by carrying over a tiling of a rectangle with the same two-sided surface area. However, additional tilings are possible ...

In logic, a statement which cannot be broken down into smaller statements, also simply called an "atom."