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Let a, b, and c be the sides of a spherical triangle, then the spherical defect is defined as D=2pi-(a+b+c).

The circumcenter of mass is a concept that can be defined by analogy with one of the the constructions for the geometric centroid for the case of polygons. The geometric ...

The total angular defect is the sum of the angular defects over all polyhedron vertices of a polyhedron, where the angular defect delta at a given polyhedron vertex is the ...

Spinor fields describing particles of zero rest mass satisfy the so-called zero rest mass equations. Examples of zero rest mass particles include the neutrino (a fermion) and ...

The difference between the sum of face angles A_i at a polyhedron vertex of a polyhedron and 2pi, delta=2pi-sum_(i)A_i.

A two-dimensional planar closed surface L which has a mass M and a surface density sigma(x,y) (in units of mass per areas squared) such that M=int_Lsigma(x,y)dxdy. The center ...

The finite zeros of the derivative r^'(z) of a nonconstant rational function r(z) that are not multiple zeros of r(z) are the positions of equilibrium in the field of force ...

The centroid is center of mass of a two-dimensional planar lamina or a three-dimensional solid. The mass of a lamina with surface density function sigma(x,y) is ...

In particle physics, a spinor field of order 2s describes a particle of spin s, where s is an integer or half-integer. Therefore, a spinor of order 4s contains as much ...

A triple integral is a three-fold multiple integral of the form intintintf(x,y,z)dxdydz. Triple integrals arise in evaluating quantities such as the mass, volume, moment, ...