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An infinite sequence {a_i} of positive integers is called weakly independent if any relation sumepsilon_ia_i with epsilon_i=0 or +/-1 and epsilon_i=0, except finitely often, ...

Pre-Algebra

A p-system of a set S is a sequence of subsets A_1, A_2, ..., A_p of S, among which some may be empty or coinciding with each other.

Let f be a real-valued function defined on an interval [a,b] and let x_0 in (a,b). The four one-sided limits D^+f(x_0)=lim sup_(x->x_0+)(f(x)-f(x_0))/(x-x_0), (1) ...

A set X whose elements can be numbered through from 1 to n, for some positive integer n. The number n is called the cardinal number of the set, and is often denoted |X| or ...

Define the sequence a_0=1, a_1=x, and a_n=(a_(n-2))/(1+a_(n-1)) (1) for n>=0. The first few values are a_2 = 1/(1+x) (2) a_3 = (x(1+x))/(2+x) (3) a_4 = ...

The regular tessellation {6,3} consisting of regular hexagons (i.e., a hexagonal grid). In general, the term honeycomb is used to refer to a tessellation in n dimensions for ...

An interpretation of first-order logic consists of a non-empty domain D and mappings for function and predicate symbols. Every n-place function symbol is mapped to a function ...

A recursive process is one in which objects are defined in terms of other objects of the same type. Using some sort of recurrence relation, the entire class of objects can ...

Self-recursion is a recursion that is defined in terms of itself, resulting in an ill-defined infinite regress. The formula for the volume of a cylinder leads to the ...