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A surface of revolution defined by Kepler. It consists of less than half of a circular arc rotated about an axis passing through the endpoints of the arc. The equations of ...

The Lester circle is the circle on which the circumcenter C, nine-point center N, and the first and second Fermat points X and X^' lie (Kimberling 1998, pp. 229-230). Besides ...

A level set in two dimensions. Phase curves are sometimes also known as level curves (Tabor 1989, p. 14).

The level set of a differentiable function f:R^n->R corresponding to a real value c is the set of points {(x_1,...,x_n) in R^n:f(x_1,...,x_n)=c}. For example, the level set ...

Levenberg-Marquardt is a popular alternative to the Gauss-Newton method of finding the minimum of a function F(x) that is a sum of squares of nonlinear functions, ...

A fractal curve, also called the C-curve (Gosper 1972). The base curve and motif are illustrated below. Duvall and Keesling (1999) proved that the Hausdorff dimension of the ...

There are several conflicting meanings associated with the notation lgx. In German and Russian literature, the notation lgx is used to mean the common logarithm log_(10)x. ...

A minimal surface that contains lemniscates as geodesics which is given by the parametric equations x = R[sqrt(2)cos(1/3zeta)sqrt(cos(2/3zeta))] (1) y = ...

Given a map f from a space X to a space Y and another map g from a space Z to a space Y, a lift is a map h from X to Z such that gh=f. In other words, a lift of f is a map h ...

In n-dimensional Lorentzian space R^n=R^(1,n-1), the light cone C^(n-1) is defined to be the subset consisting of all vectors x=(x_0,x_1,...,x_(n-1)) (1) whose squared ...