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An auxiliary latitude also called the reduced latitude and denoted eta or theta. It gives the latitude on a sphere of radius a for which the parallel has the same radius as ...

A statistical test in which assumptions are made about the underlying distribution of observed data.

The parapluie (French for 'umbrella') graph is the graph on 7 vertices illustrated above. It is implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData["ParapluieGraph"].

One of the symbols ( or ) used to denote grouping. Parentheses have a great many specialized meanings in mathematics. A few of these are described below. 1. Parentheses are ...

The distribution with probability density function and distribution function P(x) = (ab^a)/(x^(a+1)) (1) D(x) = 1-(b/x)^a (2) defined over the interval x>=b. It is ...

A Pareto plot is type of plot used in quality control applications that combines a bar chart displaying percentages of categories in the data with a line graph showing ...

The Paris-Harrington theorem is a strengthening of the finite Ramsey's theorem by requiring that the homogeneous set be large enough so that cardH>=minH. Clearly, the ...

The golden ratio phi can be written in terms of a nested radical in the beautiful form phi=sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+sqrt(1+...)))), (1) which can be written recursively as ...

The parity of an integer is its attribute of being even or odd. Thus, it can be said that 6 and 14 have the same parity (since both are even), whereas 7 and 12 have opposite ...

Given a linear code C of length n and dimension k over the field F, a parity check matrix H of C is a n×(n-k) matrix whose rows generate the orthogonal complement of C, i.e., ...