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Let A^' be the outermost vertex of the regular pentagon erected outward on side BC of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Similarly, define B^' and C^'. The triangle ...

The P versus NP problem is the determination of whether all NP-problems are actually P-problems. If P and NP are not equivalent, then the solution of NP-problems requires (in ...

Parallel computing is the execution of a computer program utilizing multiple computer processors (CPU) concurrently instead of using one processor exclusively. Let T(n,1) be ...

A test for the primality of Fermat numbers F_n=2^(2^n)+1, with n>=2 and k>=2. Then the two following conditions are equivalent: 1. F_n is prime and (k/F_n)=-1, where (n/k) is ...

The Perko pair is the pair of knots 10_(161) and 10_(162) illustrated above. For many years, they were listed as separate knots in Little (1885) and all similar tables, ...

Campbell (2022) used the WZ method to obtain the sum (pi^2)/4=sum_(n=1)^infty(16^n(n+1)(3n+1))/(n(2n+1)^2(2n; n)^3), (1) where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient. There is a ...

There are two different definitions of "polar vector." In elementary math, the term "polar vector" is used to refer to a representation of a vector as a vector magnitude ...

The theorem in set theory and logic that for all sets A and B, B=(A intersection B^_) union (B intersection A^_)<=>A=emptyset, (1) where A^_ denotes complement set of A and ...

A formula of first-order logic is in prenex normal form if it is of the form Q_1x_1...Q_nx_nM, (1) where each Q_i is a quantifier forall ("for all") or exists ("exists") and ...

Typesetting "errors" in which exponents or multiplication signs are omitted but the resulting expression is equivalent to the original one. Examples include 2^59^2=2592 (1) ...