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An intrinsic property of a mathematical object which causes it to remain invariant under certain classes of transformations (such as rotation, reflection, inversion, or more ...

A Vandermonde matrix is a type of matrix that arises in the polynomial least squares fitting, Lagrange interpolating polynomials (Hoffman and Kunze p. 114), and the ...

The nth root (or "nth radical") of a quantity z is a value r such that z=r^n, and therefore is the inverse function to the taking of a power. The nth root is denoted ...

The van Aubel line is the line in the plane of a reference triangle that connects the orthocenter H and symmedian point K, and symmedian point of the orthic triangle. The ...

The Ramsey number R(m,n) gives the solution to the party problem, which asks the minimum number of guests R(m,n) that must be invited so that at least m will know each other ...

Some interesting properties (as well as a few arcane ones not reiterated here) of the number 239 are discussed in Schroeppel (1972). 239 appears in Machin's formula ...

Let P be the set of prime ideals of a commutative ring A. Then an affine scheme is a technical mathematical object defined as the ring spectrum sigma(A) of P, regarded as a ...

An algebraic set is the locus of zeros of a collection of polynomials. For example, the circle is the set of zeros of x^2+y^2-1 and the point at (0,0) is the set of zeros of ...

An antelope graph (Jelliss 2019) is a graph formed by all possible moves of a hypothetical chess piece called an "antelope" which moves analogously to a knight except that it ...

Let A and B_j be sets. Conditional probability requires that P(A intersection B_j)=P(A)P(B_j|A), (1) where intersection denotes intersection ("and"), and also that P(A ...