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The ratio of two independent estimates of the variance of a normal distribution.

A group having an infinite number of elements. Some infinite groups, such as the integers or rationals, are not continuous groups.

The binomial coefficient (n; k) is the number of ways of picking k unordered outcomes from n possibilities, also known as a combination or combinatorial number. The symbols ...

The Radon transform is an integral transform whose inverse is used to reconstruct images from medical CT scans. A technique for using Radon transforms to reconstruct a map of ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...

A primitive root of a prime p is an integer g such that g (mod p) has multiplicative order p-1 (Ribenboim 1996, p. 22). More generally, if GCD(g,n)=1 (g and n are relatively ...

Legendre showed that there is no rational algebraic function which always gives primes. In 1752, Goldbach showed that no polynomial with integer coefficients can give a prime ...

A transformation which transforms from a two-dimensional continuous uniform distribution to a two-dimensional bivariate normal distribution (or complex normal distribution). ...

There are two possible definitions: 1. Possessing similarity of form, 2. Continuous, one-to-one, in surjection, and having a continuous inverse. The most common meaning is ...

A hex number, also called a centered hexagonal number, is given by H_n = 1+6T_n (1) = 3n^2+3n+1, (2) where T_n=n(n+1)/2 is the nth triangular number and the indexing with ...