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A solid dissection puzzle invented by Piet Hein during a lecture on Quantum Mechanics by Werner Heisenberg. There are seven soma pieces composed of all the irregular ...

The tangent plane to a surface at a point p is the tangent space at p (after translating to the origin). The elements of the tangent space are called tangent vectors, and ...

A sum is the result of an addition. For example, adding 1, 2, 3, and 4 gives the sum 10, written 1+2+3+4=10. (1) The numbers being summed are called addends, or sometimes ...

Surface area is the area of a given surface. Roughly speaking, it is the "amount" of a surface (i.e., it is proportional to the amount of paint needed to cover it), and has ...

A symmetric polynomial on n variables x_1, ..., x_n (also called a totally symmetric polynomial) is a function that is unchanged by any permutation of its variables. In other ...

A tag system is set of rules that specifies a fixed number of elements (commonly denoted nu or beta) be removed from the beginning of a sequence and a set of elements to be ...

The phrase Tomita-Takesaki theory refers to a specific collection of results proven within the field of functional analysis regarding the theory of modular Hilbert algebras ...

Angle addition formulas express trigonometric functions of sums of angles alpha+/-beta in terms of functions of alpha and beta. The fundamental formulas of angle addition in ...

The Zernike polynomials are a set of orthogonal polynomials that arise in the expansion of a wavefront function for optical systems with circular pupils. The odd and even ...

The abc conjecture is a conjecture due to Oesterlé and Masser in 1985. It states that, for any infinitesimal epsilon>0, there exists a constant C_epsilon such that for any ...