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An idealized computing machine consisting of a fixed set of data registers and set of instructions for operating on them. Register machines are also known as counter machines ...

The resistance distance between vertices i and j of a graph G is defined as the effective resistance between the two vertices (as when a battery is attached across them) when ...

The Ricci curvature tensor, also simply known as the Ricci tensor (Parker and Christensen 1994), is defined by R_(mukappa)=R^lambda_(mulambdakappa), where ...

The differential equation where alpha+alpha^'+beta+beta^'+gamma+gamma^'=1, first obtained in the form by Papperitz (1885; Barnes 1908). Solutions are Riemann P-series ...

By a suitable rearrangement of terms, a conditionally convergent series may be made to converge to any desired value, or to diverge. For example, S = 1-1/2+1/3-1/4+1/5+... ...

Rodrigues' rotation formula gives an efficient method for computing the rotation matrix R in SO(3) corresponding to a rotation by an angle theta about a fixed axis specified ...

Let sum_(k=1)^(infty)u_k be a series with positive terms, and let rho=lim_(k->infty)u_k^(1/k). 1. If rho<1, the series converges. 2. If rho>1 or rho=infty, the series ...

Consider the characteristic equation |lambdaI-A|=lambda^n+b_1lambda^(n-1)+...+b_(n-1)lambda+b_n=0 (1) determining the n eigenvalues lambda of a real n×n square matrix A, ...

The scalar curvature, also called the "curvature scalar" (e.g., Weinberg 1972, p. 135; Misner et al. 1973, p. 222) or "Ricci scalar," is given by R=g^(mukappa)R_(mukappa), ...

A polynomial given in terms of the Neumann polynomials O_n(x) by S_n(x)=(2xO_n(x)-2cos^2(1/2npi))/n.