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The prime HP(n) reached starting from a number n, concatenating its prime factors, and repeating until a prime is reached. For example, for n=9, 9=3·3->33=3·11->311, so 311 ...

Let X be a set of urelements that contains the set N of natural numbers, and let V(X) be a superstructure whose individuals are in X. Let V(^*X) be an enlargement of V(X), ...

The function intx gives the integer part of x. In many computer languages, the function is denoted int(x). It is related to the floor and ceiling functions |_x_| and [x] by ...

An integral graph, not to be confused with an integral embedding of a graph, is defined as a graph whose graph spectrum consists entirely of integers. The notion was first ...

A graph G=(V,E) is an interval graph if it captures the intersection relation for some set of intervals on the real line. Formally, P is an interval graph provided that one ...

The sequence of numbers {j_n} giving the number of digits in the three-fold power tower n^(n^n). The values of n^(n^n) for n=1, 2, ... are 1, 16, 7625597484987, ... (OEIS ...

The Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) condition is a kind of boundary-value condition which naturally emerges in quantum statistical mechanics and related areas. Given a quantum ...

A knot diagram is a picture of a projection of a knot onto a plane. Usually, only double points are allowed (no more than two points are allowed to be superposed), and the ...

The Kronecker-Weber theorem, sometimes known as the Kronecker-Weber-Hilbert theorem, is one of the earliest known results in class field theory. In layman's terms, the ...

Let n be an integer variable which tends to infinity and let x be a continuous variable tending to some limit. Also, let phi(n) or phi(x) be a positive function and f(n) or ...