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The topological entropy of a map M is defined as h_T(M)=sup_({W_i})h(M,{W_i}), where {W_i} is a partition of a bounded region W containing a probability measure which is ...

Differential Geometry

The constant pi, denoted pi, is a real number defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference C to its diameter d=2r, pi = C/d (1) = C/(2r) (2) pi has decimal expansion ...

The term Borel hierarchy is used to describe a collection of subsets of R defined inductively as follows: Level one consists of all open and closed subsets of R, and upon ...

A subset F subset R of the real numbers is said to be an F_sigma set provided F is the countable union of closed sets. The name F_sigma comes from French: The F stands for ...

If {f_n} is a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions, then intlim inf_(n->infty)f_ndmu<=lim inf_(n->infty)intf_ndmu. (1) An example of a sequence of functions for which ...

A subset G subset R of the real numbers is said to be a G_delta set provided G is the countable intersection of open sets. The name G_delta comes from German: The G stands ...

The Littlewood conjecture states that for any two real numbers x,y in R, lim inf_(n->infty)n|nx-nint(nx)||ny-nint(ny)|=0 where nint(z) denotes the nearest integer function. ...

The set of L^p-functions (where p>=1) generalizes L2-space. Instead of square integrable, the measurable function f must be p-integrable for f to be in L^p. On a measure ...

A necessary and sufficient condition for a sequence S_i to converge. The Cauchy criterion is satisfied when, for all epsilon>0, there is a fixed number N such that ...