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Sorting is the rearrangement of numbers (or other orderable objects) in a list into their correct lexographic order. Alphabetization is therefore a form of sorting. Because ...

The version of set theory obtained if Axiom 6 of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory is replaced by 6'. Selection axiom (or "axiom of subsets"): for any set-theoretic formula A(u), ...

Dijkstra's algorithm is an algorithm for finding a graph geodesic, i.e., the shortest path between two graph vertices in a graph. It functions by constructing a shortest-path ...

A differential evolution method used to minimize functions of real variables. Evolution strategies are significantly faster at numerical optimization than traditional genetic ...

An attracting set that has zero measure in the embedding phase space and has fractal dimension. Trajectories within a strange attractor appear to skip around randomly. A ...

Ball tetrahedron picking is the selection of quadruples of points (corresponding to vertices of a general tetrahedron) randomly placed inside a ball. n random tetrahedra can ...

The algorithm for the construction of a Gröbner basis from an arbitrary ideal basis. Buchberger's algorithm relies on the concepts of S-polynomial and polynomial reduction ...

A cork plug is a three-dimensional solid that can stopper a square, triangular, or circular hole. There is an infinite family of such shapes. The shape with smallest volume ...

Given five equal disks placed symmetrically about a given center, what is the smallest radius r for which the radius of the circular area covered by the five disks is 1? The ...

An object created by folding a piece of paper along certain lines to form loops. The number of states possible in an n-flexagon is a Catalan number. By manipulating the ...